21-03-2018, 02:04 PM
interesting:
https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/18/4/632/601371
"nicotinamide, the active form of the B3 vitamin and a non-competitive inhibitor of sirtuins (32), is able to induce an increase in FoxL2 expression/activity. Moreover, we also find that 11 BPES-causing mutations of FOXL2 have a tendency to upset the (positive and negative) feedback regulation balance, thus presumably inducing aberrant FOXL2 expression and activity levels, often in association with an impaired activation of the [i]MnSOD[/i] gene."
Furthermore:
Interestingly, we observed that the addition of nicotinamide to the cell culture medium induced a significant activation of FoxL2 promoter (∼1.9-fold), which indicates that, presumably through quenching SIRT1 (and other sirtuins) activity, nicotinamide upregulates FoxL2 transcription (Fig. 5E). In these conditions, we also observe an increase of the basal activities of the 2xFLRE-luc (∼1.8-fold) and 4xFLRE-luc (∼1.5-fold) reporters (Fig. 5E), which are specific sensors of FOXL2 cellular concentration and activity levels (37). Thus, the enhanced FLRE-luc reporter activity indicates that there is an increase in FOXL2 concentration/activity in KGN cells upon nicotinamide treatment. Interestingly, preliminary evidence suggests that the treatment of C57/B6 mice with nicotinamide can also lead to an upregulation of Foxl2 expression [i]in vivo[/i] (Supplementary Material, Fig. S3). As BPES in association with POF often results from heterozygous null mutations, finding a way to increase FOXL2 expression from the functional allele is of therapeutic relevance. In humans, nicotinamide toxicity has been found to be low even at daily doses as high as 1260 mg over 2 years (about a thousand times higher than the recommended daily intake; 47). Therefore, a potential upregulation of ovarian FOXL2 expression/activity by nicotinamide supplementation deserves further exploration [i]in[/i][i]vivo[/i].
nicotinamide, can be purchase on Amazon as a supplement.
so the question is: will taking this supplement upregulate the FOXL2, and create a change in the testes, to convert it to ovaries? I am still thinking that this FoxL2 is the way to go.. more research needed.
https://academic.oup.com/hmg/article/18/4/632/601371
"nicotinamide, the active form of the B3 vitamin and a non-competitive inhibitor of sirtuins (32), is able to induce an increase in FoxL2 expression/activity. Moreover, we also find that 11 BPES-causing mutations of FOXL2 have a tendency to upset the (positive and negative) feedback regulation balance, thus presumably inducing aberrant FOXL2 expression and activity levels, often in association with an impaired activation of the [i]MnSOD[/i] gene."
Furthermore:
Interestingly, we observed that the addition of nicotinamide to the cell culture medium induced a significant activation of FoxL2 promoter (∼1.9-fold), which indicates that, presumably through quenching SIRT1 (and other sirtuins) activity, nicotinamide upregulates FoxL2 transcription (Fig. 5E). In these conditions, we also observe an increase of the basal activities of the 2xFLRE-luc (∼1.8-fold) and 4xFLRE-luc (∼1.5-fold) reporters (Fig. 5E), which are specific sensors of FOXL2 cellular concentration and activity levels (37). Thus, the enhanced FLRE-luc reporter activity indicates that there is an increase in FOXL2 concentration/activity in KGN cells upon nicotinamide treatment. Interestingly, preliminary evidence suggests that the treatment of C57/B6 mice with nicotinamide can also lead to an upregulation of Foxl2 expression [i]in vivo[/i] (Supplementary Material, Fig. S3). As BPES in association with POF often results from heterozygous null mutations, finding a way to increase FOXL2 expression from the functional allele is of therapeutic relevance. In humans, nicotinamide toxicity has been found to be low even at daily doses as high as 1260 mg over 2 years (about a thousand times higher than the recommended daily intake; 47). Therefore, a potential upregulation of ovarian FOXL2 expression/activity by nicotinamide supplementation deserves further exploration [i]in[/i][i]vivo[/i].
nicotinamide, can be purchase on Amazon as a supplement.
so the question is: will taking this supplement upregulate the FOXL2, and create a change in the testes, to convert it to ovaries? I am still thinking that this FoxL2 is the way to go.. more research needed.