16-01-2014, 05:48 AM
Just a reminder for all what pro-hormones can do!
Supplements such as androstenedione and others are termed "prohormones" because they serve as direct precursors for testosterone synthesis in the body. However, a less publicized effect of such supplements is their tendency to also be converted into estrogen.
Normally most of the circulating testosterone in the blood plasma are bound to liver-produced proteins, such as sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and to a lesser and weaker extent, albumin. But only the free or unbound testosterone (about 2% of the total amount in plasma) in active in the sense that it can interact with cellular androgen receptors.
When prohormone supplements are converted into testosterone by various enzymes in the liver and other tissues, they circulate in the blood as free and bound testosterone. As such, they are subject to conversion to estrogen whenever the enzyme aromatase is encountered. As the estrogen levels rise from this conversion, the testosterone/estrogen ratio (T/E ratio) tips toward estrogen. When that happens, several negative events related to higher body estrogen levels in men begin to occur. These estrogen-related effects include possible gynecomastia or male breast development. This is commonly seen in many athletes who use anabolic steroid drugs capable of being aromatized, such as testosterone injections.
Another possibility is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate gland enlargement. Research shows that BPH results from a combined effect of a testosterone byproduct called dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estrogen (0). Estrogen metabolites offer protective effects for women against cardiovascular disease onset presumably through the antioxidant activities of the 2-hydroxy metabolites.
Please read the full article:
http://www11.netrition.com/estrogen_factor_page.html
Supplements such as androstenedione and others are termed "prohormones" because they serve as direct precursors for testosterone synthesis in the body. However, a less publicized effect of such supplements is their tendency to also be converted into estrogen.
Normally most of the circulating testosterone in the blood plasma are bound to liver-produced proteins, such as sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and to a lesser and weaker extent, albumin. But only the free or unbound testosterone (about 2% of the total amount in plasma) in active in the sense that it can interact with cellular androgen receptors.
When prohormone supplements are converted into testosterone by various enzymes in the liver and other tissues, they circulate in the blood as free and bound testosterone. As such, they are subject to conversion to estrogen whenever the enzyme aromatase is encountered. As the estrogen levels rise from this conversion, the testosterone/estrogen ratio (T/E ratio) tips toward estrogen. When that happens, several negative events related to higher body estrogen levels in men begin to occur. These estrogen-related effects include possible gynecomastia or male breast development. This is commonly seen in many athletes who use anabolic steroid drugs capable of being aromatized, such as testosterone injections.
Another possibility is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate gland enlargement. Research shows that BPH results from a combined effect of a testosterone byproduct called dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estrogen (0). Estrogen metabolites offer protective effects for women against cardiovascular disease onset presumably through the antioxidant activities of the 2-hydroxy metabolites.
Please read the full article:
http://www11.netrition.com/estrogen_factor_page.html